We entered from the south: Ho Chi Minh City (the former Saigon). Mosquitoes cease to be an issue, but the heat persists. Motor scooter prevails as the primary mode of commuting. Swarms of motorists consume the roads, vastly outnumbering the less agile automobiles, and concede little right of way. Commuting by scooter one is subject foremost to the ebbs and flows of the swarm; one cannot move in a determinist fashion from point A to point B. This makes scootering in HCMC grueling, even masochistic, until late evening when night markets have closed. During the day, pedestrian circulation is an afterthought. Even modest streets are teeming with scooters congesting the roads, and vendors displacing pedestrians on sidewalks.
Informal home-made/self-organized eateries predominate; typically several pots of food and array of Playskool chairs on the sidewalk and no storefront. Pho and spring rolls are available without fail. The pho suffers from weak aromatics. The heat and congestion of the city thwarts access/distribution of perishable herbs and produce; basil and cilantro whither from heat and condiments attract insects.
We encountered an exceptional spread of stews at one stand. Flavors ranged from spicy to murky to fishy to vibrant. She cooked her rice short of becoming mushy, and blanched her vegetables to a crisp green, demonstrating her command of the kitchen.
Iced coffee, available throughout any block, helps to cool off and sustain in the heat. Vietnam cultivates robusto beans; of lesser quality than aribica beans. The Vietnamese coffee industry is young, relative to that of Indonesia, Latin America, and Sub-Saharan Africa, but it has had a detrimental effect on the industry since the 1980s when Vietnam flooded the global market with its cheap, poor-quality, robusto stock. Undiversified Latin American economies were hit hardest, namely Brazil. Quality of coffee beans in the global market declined for years following, in attempts to compete with cheap Vietnamese exports. Demand for higher-quality aribica would later resurge due to the success and spread of the Starbucks Corporation and the consumption of euro-styled coffee drinks were integrated into the daily routine of American bourgeoisie.
The tiny robusta bean makes a potent, almost harsh, brew of coffee. But this concentrated brew is the ideal when poured over ice and fortified with sweetened condensed milk; robust and delicious.